#Digital Marketing
Ad Blocker:
Blocks unwanted ads during site visits.
A/B Split Test:
Defines the test to be used before introducing a change. In this practice, feedback is received from a designated number of users to measure page activity.
Ad Flight:
Used to specify the duration of the campaign.
AdSense:
A ad program run by Google.
Ad Spending:
Used to indicate the amount spent on advertising.
Advertorial:
This portmanteau is created by combining the words “advertising” and “editorial.” This advertisement is similar to the news but includes an editorial feature.
Ad Space:
Indicates the areas reserved for the publication of online ads.
AIDA (Attention/Awareness, Interest, Desire, Action):
The strategy used by the marketing and advertising departments that encompasses the customer’s buying process — from the recognition of need for a product or service to the completion of purchasing.
API (Application Programming Interface):
A software intermediary that enables a piece of software to use its defined functions on another piece of software.
Bandwidth:
Shows the frequency of a website’s monthly user visits.
Banner:
Graphic-heavy items in certain sections of websites or newspapers created for advertising.
Barter:
Used to define a barter transaction.
Behavioral Targeting:
A method of observing a group’s movements and targeting the same group for different purposes.
Blog:
A weblog. There are many blogs on the internet on numerous topics.
Bookmarks:
Help designate the user’s frequently visited web pages.
Bounce Rate:
Indicates how many visitors leave the website without clicking on a link to quantify the quality of the site.
Brand:
A marketing asset that allows people to recognize a certain enterprise, product or service.
Branding:
Following the undertaking of different actions, the standardizing of common values is known as branding.
Browser:
Helps access web pages. Examples include Chrome, Firefox, and Microsoft Edge.
B2B (Business to Business):
Commercial transactions occurring between two different companies over the internet.
B2C (Business to Consumers):
Commercial transactions occurring between a firm and a consumer over the internet.
Cache:
In this designated area, the browser retains data relating to visited web pages in a cache so that they can be accessed more quickly on subsequent visits.
Call to Action:
Action invitations that encourage site visitors to act. Examples include banner articles that influence users to view a subject or buy a product.
CAPTCHA:
A system that performs checks to determine whether a user is a human or a bot before an online transaction is undertaken.
Click Tracking:
The act of tracking click actions on the site.
CMS (Content Management System):
A system that helps manage website content.
CTR (Click-Through Rate):
Determines the click level for any banner or content on the site.
Conversion:
Occurs when a visitor to your website completes a desired goal for any product.
Cookies:
Small texts that are saved on a user’s computer as they visit websites.
CPA (Cost Per Action):
Advertisement or content for a separate website that a user adds to their own website. If a site visitor clicks on the advertisement or content, the publisher receives a commission.
CPC – TBM (Cost Per Click):
A cost paid by advertiser to a publisher for every click on an ad.
CPM – BGBM (Cost Per Mille):
The cost an advertiser pays per 1,000 views of a banner or content on the website.
Crawler:
Systematically browses websites and adds addresses to the list of URLs.
CRM (Customer Relationship Management):
A strategy that companies use to manage interactions with customers.
Cross-Marketing:
An act of producing ads, content, and campaigns with another brand to increase sales.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):
Helps format a document in HTML style.
C2B (Consumer to Business):
Refers to the sale of products to businesses by consumers.
C2C (Consumer to Consumer):
A model whereby consumers trade with each other.
Data Mining:
The analysis of the data that emerges as a result of online movement and the action taken in accordance with the result.
Database:
The field that hosts all website data.
Dead Link:
Indicates that a link is nonfunctional.
DNS (Domain Name System):
A system in which domain names and addresses are located.
Domain:
The name and address of a website on the internet.
Electronic Payment:
Refers to the making of electronic payments using different methods.
Email:
Refers to electronic mail.
Email Marketing:
The use of email to market a product or service. It is an example of digital marketing.
External Referrer:
Refers to links that redirect the user to a location outside the current website when clicked.
Favicon:
Small icons that precede internet addresses.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
The process of transferring files between systems over the internet.
Geographical Targeting:
The method of delivering different content to visitors based on their geographic locations; helps set advertising goals.
Google AdWords:
A Google platform that allows businesses to promote their products or services.
Google Analytics:
A Google product that allows the information on your website to be examined and analyzed.
Heat Map:
The display of the activities performed by the visitors of the website through colors.
Hidden Text:
The content not visible to the visitors of a website.
Hosting:
Refers to the domains where the web pages you own are hosted.
Impressions:
Track how many times an ad or a web page is viewed.
Index:
Refers to the process of search engines crawling the internet to discover web pages.
Keyword:
Refers to words or phrases used to conduct searches.
Landing Page:
The first page displayed upon visiting a website.
Lead:
Refers to a potential customer for a business.
Link:
A printed address of a website.
Load Time:
Displays how long the user must wait for a web page to open.
Mashup:
The acquisition of content from more than one source.
Open Source:
A software for which the original source code is designed to be publicly accessible.
Page Views:
Refers to the request of loading a single web page on a browser.
Page Rank:
Refers to the site quality scoring system utilized by search engines.
Pay Per Click, Pay Per Lead:
Refers to the realization of a goal, if one exists, or a payment that occurs as a result of any click.
Ping:
The verification of any connection over the internet.
QR Code (Quick Response Barcode):
A code consisting of an array of black and white squares that transmits information.
Ranking:
Refers to the search frequency of any word in a search engine.
Referral:
Refers to recommendations issued through third-party websites.
Return Visitor:
A visitor returning to a website that they have previously visited.
Revenue:
The money generated from any operation.
RSS Really Simple Syndication:
A web feed that notifies users of recent changes or additions to the website.
Sandbox:
A filtering application implemented by Google.
SEM (Search Engine Marketing):
Refers to a paid service that improves search engine visibility.
SEO (Search Engine Optimization):
The process of increasing website visibility by focusing on unpaid search results.
SERP (Search Engine Results Page):
A results page that displays the words and other information used by users when searching for a business’s products through a search engine.
Sitemap:
Displays all active links on a website.
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol):
Refers to a protocol used to send messages from one server to another.
Spam:
Refers to emails that have been rejected by any person.
Targeting:
Refers to a step taken towards the completion of a goal.
Tracking:
The process of collecting and tracking data for a website.
Trends:
Refers to statistical data and inquiries concerning increases and developments in data sizes.
Unique Visitors:
When a single user visits a website more than once, the number of visits is calculated as one.
URL Rewriting:
Helps make the URLs more search engine friendly by allowing your headings to be included in the URL.
Usability:
Shows the ease of use of any website.
UX (User Experience):
Refers to the variables that affect a user’s experience while visiting a website, particularly in terms of comfort and ease of use.
WOM (Word of Mouth):
Refers to the spread of an event or product by word of mouth.
#Ad Hashtag:
In this practice, “#” is entered at the beginning of the keywords. It facilitates the tracking of keyword-related conversations.
#E-Commerce
Landing Page:
The first page a user sees when they click on a link.
AdSense:
AdSense is an application offered by Google, through which users can earn money by advertising on the internet.
AdWords (Google Ads):
AdWords is a type of advertising platform offered by Google for businesses and utilizes user searches.
Affiliate Marketing:
Refers to the websites that seek to drive more traffic to promote a product or service through a standalone website.
Backlink:
This is when a website links to another website.
Banner:
Homepage images placed on a website for advertising and promotion purposes. They are usually located at the top and bottom of a website.
Barter:
This refers to a barter system where exchanges are made for services or products.
B2B – Business to Business:
This is known as “işletmeden işletmeye” in Turkish. Companies do not reach out to the user directly, but rather to companies that make retail sales or buy bulk products.
B2C – Business to Consumer:
Refers to the electronic marketing of products and services. Here, companies offer their products and services directly to the user.
Blacklist:
Refers to the blacklisting of a website when it does not comply with Google rules.
Blog:
The word “blog,” which is derived from the words “web” and “log,” is defined as an internet log. A blog is a web-based information sharing network. E-commerce sites can receive support from blog resources to increase their traffic volume.
Browser:
A browser that displays web pages.
C2C – Consumer to Consumer:
A platform that facilitates transactions for used or new items between consumers. This is known as “tüketiciden tüketiciye” in Turkish.
CMS (Content Management System):
Known as “İçerik Yönetim Sistemi” in Turkish, CMS is a structure that facilitates the organization of website content. As an example, WordPress is one of the most widely used content management systems.
Cookies:
Small and harmless files that are automatically downloaded to the computer via a web server. This means “çerez” in Turkish.
CTA (Call to Action):
Refers to the expressions on a website that encourage users to take action. Examples include “Buy now!” and “Do not miss this offer!”
CRO (Conversion Rate Optimization):
The process of increasing the conversion rate of a website or mobile app. This means “Dönüşüm Oranı Optimizasyonu” in Turkish.
Cross-Selling:
The practice of selling additional, complementary products or services to increase sales. One such example is providing a phone case with a customer’s phone purchase.
Multi-Channel E-Commerce:
Refers to the realization of the marketing process through many different channels, including online and mobile.
Data:
Factual information.
Data Mining and Database:
Data mining is the extraction of useful data from the information collected on the websites of businesses. Database is where data is stored.
Dead Links:
Inactive links on a website.
Domain:
Simply put, it is an identification string that defines your site name and address. This means “Alan Adı” in Turkish. For example: www.dopinggo.com
Conversion Rate:
Refers to the rate at which visitors to a page convert into customers.
Dropshipping:
It is known as “stoksuz satış” in Turkish. It is a method where sellers do not keep the products they sell in stock. Instead, sellers direct the online orders to the warehouse of suppliers, and the suppliers handle the delivery process.
DTC (Direct to Consumer):
Refers to the online sale of products and services by the manufacturer/brand to the end consumer through its own platform. Here, companies offer their products and services directly to the user.
E-Wallet:
An electronic service that allows consumers to pay digital currency in exchange for products and services. It is also called a digital wallet.
Electronic Signature:
Refers to personal signatures created electronically. They are also known as e-signatures.
E-Marketing:
The practice of marketing products and services over the internet. It is also called electronic marketing.
E-Logistics:
Refers to web-based logistics. Electronic-based systems are used in process development.
Email Marketing:
Refers to emails sent by a business to recipients who signed on to a mailing list (customers, subscribers, partners) for marketing or promotional purposes.
Inventory:
Put simply, it refers to a complete list of items, goods, and merchandise in stock. Inventory is also defined as the tracking of products in stock.
E-Commerce:
Put simply, e-commerce is the realization of commerce online through electronic media.
Fulfillment:
Refers to the collection of all actions in an e-commerce site, from receiving a new order to customer delivery, within a single system.
Confidentiality:
Refers to the pledge to keep information private during transactions with third parties.
Google Analytics:
A free Google service that measures the traffic of a website or mobile application and provides reports accordingly.
Hashtag:
Refers to the words placed after a “#” symbol. It is used to drive traffic to specific content on the web. This is known as “etiket” in Turkish.
Heading Tags:
Differentiate the headings and sub-headings of a page from the rest of the content in HTML. It means “başlık etiketi” in Turkish.
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):
Refers to the protocol used to transfer information.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):
The standard markup language for creating web pages.
Content:
Refers to any kind of written or visual information on websites and social media accounts.
Discount Code:
Also known as coupon code. These codes provide the opportunity for users to receive discounted prices with the aim to increase company sales.
Infographic:
The presentation of more than one piece of content supported by visual data.
Inorganic:
Refers to traffic that is attained by unnatural means. It requires the payment of a fee.
IAP (Internet Service Provider):
The job description for the companies that provide internet access.
Keywords:
The words that users search most frequently in the search engine.
Usability:
Describes how easily users can use interfaces. Usability is an expression of a website user’s experience. It is also known as user experience.
Log:
The place where all the information on a website is saved.
Long-Tail SEO:
This refers to long-term SEO investments. It generates long-term traffic by combining long-tail keywords.
Lazy Load:
Refers to the asynchronous uploading of images to websites.
Meta:
The element that helps search engines make sense of a website.
Meta Description:
A brief summary of a web page’s content. It appears in search results and means “meta açıklama” in Turkish.
Distance Sales Agreement:
A contract prepared by an e-commerce site owner for buyers. It is signed by the seller and the buyer.
Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce):
Refers to the execution of commercial and administrative works using mobile communication tools.
Network:
Refers to computers that have been interconnected via hardware and software.
NFC:
The next-generation wireless communication technology.
Organic:
Refers to the natural obtainment of traffic in search engines. No fee is required.
Outsource:
Through this practice, firms enhance their productivity by transferring some of their works to outside specialist firms without leaving their business areas.
Preliminary Information Form:
A document prepared to inform the buyer before the completion of the transaction between the seller and the buyer.
Payment Gateway:
Refers to a payment processor used to manage transactions in an e-commerce store. This is known as “ödeme ağ geçidi” in Turkish.
PPC (Pay Per Click):
This means “Tıklama başına ödeme” in Turkish. It determines the cost for an advertiser based on the click rate of an advertisement.
Remarketing:
Put simply, this refers to when a user visits a website and encounters an advertisement for a website that they have previously visited. It is known as “yeniden pazarlama” in Turkish.
RSS:
A document tracking system that is used to keep up with the updates of a constantly updated website.
Virtual POS:
Refers to a web app that allows vendors or merchants to authorize credit and debit card processing.
Virtual Store:
A non-physical store that facilitates online sales.
SEM (Search Engine Marketing):
This means “Arama Motoru Pazarlaması” in Turkish. It is a paid application that enables a website to increase visibility in search engines. In the search results page, these ads appear with the tags “sponsored” or “advertisement.”
SEO (Search Engine Optimization):
This means “Arama motoru optimizasyonu” in Turkish. It is the process of increasing the traffic of a website by utilizing search engine data. The goal is to achieve the best rankings and grow traffic.
SERP (Search Engine Results Page):
This means “Arama motoru sonuç sayfası” in Turkish. It refers to a result page created following a particular query in Google and other search engines.
Shopping Cart:
This means “alışveriş kartı” in Turkish. It refers to a virtual shopping cart where users collect the products they want to buy.
Split Testing:
This means “Bölünmüş Test” in Turkish. It is a benchmarking method used to determine which version performs better.
Social Media:
Digital-based websites and applications that enable people to connect and communicate. A brand can be promoted and its awareness and sales can be boosted through the use of social media.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer):
Refers to certificates that protect the site and its visitors.
Cost Per Click:
The cost per click for an advertiser company.
Traffic:
Expresses the level of visitors to a website from various sources.
Wholesale:
Refers to the direct bulk sale of products to retailers. These products are sold for commercial use.
URL (Uniform Resource Loader):
Displays the content of a web page. It is located in the bar on the browser, where the site address is indicated.
UX:
Short for user experience. It is used to measure the quality of a user’s experience with a product or service. Products and services designed with user experience in mind tend to be more successful.
Viral Content:
Refers to content that spreads rapidly between web users and becomes suddenly popular.
XML:
A markup language used during internet-based data exchange.
#Data Science
Big Data:
Refers to the conversion of all data collected from different sources, such as social media posts, blogs, photos, videos, log files, and sensors, into a meaningful and workable format.
Machine Learning:
A scientific practice that deals with the design and development processes of algorithms that enable computers to learn based on data types such as sensor data or databases.
Deep Learning:
A field of study that covers artificial neural networks and similar machine learning algorithms with one or more hidden layers.
DMP:
The unifying platform for collecting, organizing, and activating first-, second- or third-party audience data from any source. It is the backbone of data-driven marketing and enables businesses to gain unique insights about their customers.
Correlation:
Reveals the direction and strength of the linear relationship between two or more random variables in probability theory and statistics.
KVKK:
The law published in the Official Gazette No. 6698 and No. 29677 on April 7, 2016, to ensure and oversee the protection of personal data in Turkey.
Segmentation:
One of the most important techniques used in marketing. It aims to create strategic plans for the small markets and target groups that brands and companies select by dividing their relevant markets and target groups.
Data Analysis:
The process of examining, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data to find useful information, inform others of results, and support decision-making.
Data Science:
A multidisciplinary field that utilizes scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract information and insights from structured and unstructured data.
Data Mining:
The process of reaching useful information from large-scale data. It can also be defined as the search for correlations that can help us predict future trends from large data piles using a computer program.
#Agile Approach
Agile:
A swift new working method where teams work with a “test and learn” approach to obtain the most optimal solution, and the hierarchy is minimized. It is the focused work of teams with multidisciplinary competencies on a single project.
Sprint:
A working activity the duration of which ranges from one to four weeks. It forms the basis of the agile methodology. The team decides the length of the sprint to create a meaningful output. Work should be done for only one sprint in the specified periods (Focused work).
Sprint Planning:
An event that starts the sprint. The purpose of sprint planning is to define what will be accomplished in the sprint and how this work will be achieved. Sprint planning is done in collaboration with all team members.
Daily Scrum:
Refers to a ritual in which the Scrum Master and Development Team members participate. It lasts for a maximum of 15 minutes in the morning and is used to deliver mutual information about the work to be completed that day. Each team conveys what it did yesterday, what it will do today, and what problems it aims to solve. When discussing the details of a work task or project, the Scrum Master should intervene and the issue should be noted and discussed at the relevant meeting.
Sprint Retrospective:
After each sprint, team members discuss team dynamics, how they can work more effectively as a team, and create action plans for improving solutions. The sprint retrospective meeting focuses on the process. The purpose of these meetings is to identify areas of improvement and to continue with well-performed activities/actions. It is carried out with the project team.
Sprint Review:
The purpose of a sprint review is to share sprint outputs with stakeholders and customers. A sprint review focuses on the product. It is carried out together with both the stakeholder and the customer.
MVP:
A viable, valid, practical product with enough features that satisfy user needs in agile methodology. Users can experience the product features themselves and provide feedback to the manufacturer.
Prototype:
The first and miniature version of the final design.
Product Backlog:
The single source of truth which contains all the work to be done on the product. In other words, it is a prioritized list of everything that might be needed in the product.
Sprint Backlog:
Refers to all of the work to be done on a sprint basis. It is fed from the Product Backlog and updated every sprint.
User Story:
This is the simplest and clearest explanation of how to complete every job in a Sprint, a feature to be used by the end user, by that user.
Squad:
A squad is a team of employees whose unique competencies can be utilized to reach a strategic goal. Ideally, it is recommended that the squad consists of 5–9 people. It acts independently and has the authority to accept certain end-to-end responsibilities and to make decisions. Teams have decision-making authority.
Scrum Master:
The Scrum Master is the person who is most familiar with the Scrum Guide, supports the implementation of the Scrum, and helps and guides the Scrum team to maximize the value produced by the team. The Scrum Master guides and coaches the team, helping them overcome the obstacles encountered. They strive to improve harmony and communication between team members. They assist the team with all Agility and Scrum issues, and direct and support the development. Their roles and responsibilities differ in Agile projects. Their role is similar to that of a Project Manager in traditional project management, but they also have different roles and responsibilities.
Development Team:
The team that creates the technical and technological developments of the product determined in the sprint.
Product Owner:
The individual responsible for product development. They are responsible for the management of the product backlog, and for sorting and prioritizing the work list. This person delivers (accepts) the final approval for the product. They are the voice of the customer. They are responsible for communication with internal and external stakeholders.
Agile Coach:
This individual is an advocate of Agile thinking and processes. They are responsible for coaching all scrum roles (Product Owner, Scrum Master, Development Team). They provide support when blocked and deliver advice to ensure proper operation.
Sponsor:
This individual provides the necessary resources, such as human resources and financial resources, for the project. The sponsor evaluates the results and does not intervene in any product-related decision processes.
Stakeholder:
Refers to the internal and external stakeholders who must be interacted with throughout the process. It is the duty of the “Product Owner” to communicate with these stakeholders, who have no influence over the decision processes.
Customers:
Refers to the individuals who will directly use the resulting product. End users can be internal or external clients.